Java is a popular, object-oriented programming language widely used to develop desktop and web applications. Here are some of the basics of programming in Java:
- Syntax: Java has a similar syntax to C and C++ but is a little more verbose. The basic building blocks of Java code are classes containing fields (i.e., variables) and methods (i.e., functions).
- Variables: Java has several built-in data types, including integers, floating-point numbers, and boolean values. Variables must be declared before they can be used, and they must be given a type and a name.
- Control structures: Java supports all standard control structures, such as if-else statements, for loops, and while loops.
- Classes and Objects: As object-oriented programming, Java’s program structure is built around the concept of classes, which defines the properties and methods of an object. The objects are instances of a class.
- Methods: Methods are used to perform operations on an object. In Java, methods are defined inside a class and invoked on an object using dot notation.
- Inheritance and Polymorphism: Java supports inheritance and polymorphism, fundamental concepts in object-oriented programming.
- Packages: Java supports the use of packages, which are used to organize classes into related groups.
- Exception Handling: Java provides a built-in mechanism for handling exceptions and errors that occur during the execution of a program.
- JRE and JDK: To run and develop java applications, you must have Java Runtime Environment(JRE) and Java Development Kit (JDK) installed in your system.
- IDE: Java programmers mostly use Integrated Development Environments (IDE) such as Eclipse, NetBeans, and IntelliJ IDEA, to write, test and debug the code more efficiently
These are some of the basics of programming in Java. With a solid understanding of these concepts, you will be well on your way to developing Java applications.